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<img height='275' src='http://vaticanstamps.org/VPS/images/296/1354.jpg'>
<img height='275' src='http://vaticanstamps.org/VPS/images/296/1355.jpg'> 
Third Centenary of the Birth Of Carlo Goldoni 
Scott 1354-1355 (2007)</center>
 
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<img width='700' src='http://vaticanstamps.org/VPS/images/296/1356.jpg'> 
Third Centenary of the Birth Of Carlo Goldoni Souvenir Sheet, Scott 1356 (2007)</center>
 
The Italian playwright Carlo Goldoni was born on February 25, 1707. In 2007, Vatican City issued one its more interesting sets of stamps to commemorate the 300th anniversary of his birth. The set consisted of the two stamps shown above and feature venues from two of the cities pivotal to his life and career. The 0.60-euro stamp shows two actors in front of the famed Rialto Bridge over the Grand Canal of Venice. The 0.85-euro stamp shows actors with the Cathedral of Notre Dame of Paris in the background. Both stamps depict Goldoni on the left side of the stamp frame. In addition, the set included an elaborate souvenir sheet which contains a single 2.80-euro stamp with side sections which, when folded, create the effect of a theatre curtain.
 
Goldoni was born in Venice in 1707. Many aspects of his life come from his "Memoirs", which contain an abundance of autobiographical information but which also are known to contain many factual errors, particularly concerning his early life. For example, he was born to a middle-class family, with his father probably being a pharmacist. In his memoir, the father is listed as a physician, so the memoirs may contain some embellishment. He began formal schooling in Rimini, but ran off to fulfill his wish to join a theatre company, with an attraction to comedic acting. From his earliest plays, Goldoni developed an ingenious mix of wit and honesty which provided his audiences contemporary views of themselves. He focused on the lives, values, and the conflicts of the emerging middle classes. Some of his successes while working in Italy included The Coffee House, The Innkeeper, Comic Theatre, The Venetian Quarrels, and II Campiello.
 
<center>
<img width='375' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/03/Monument_to_Carlo_Goldoni_%28Venice%29.jpg'> 
Monument to Carlo Goldoni, Venice 
Sculpture by Antonio Dal Zotto (1883) 
Photo by Didier Descouens 
From Wikimedia Commons, used under the terms of the Creative 
Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license</center>
 
In 1761, Goldoni moved to Paris and assumed a position in the French court, where he directed the Théâtre-Italien. He spent the rest of his life in France, where he composed most of his plays in French and wrote his memoirs in that language. His main contemporary was Moliere, and Goldoni had to deal with a demanding public in France accustomed to the theatrical norms of Moliere. In 1765, King Louis XV had Goldoni go to Versailles to teach Italian and prepare shows. Embarking on a comeback during this time, he composed his last masterpiece, The Benevolent Curmudgeon, which successfully debuted in 1771 at the Comedie Francaise.
 
Unfortunately, despite the critical acclaim he received while in France, Goldoni attained little financial success during this time, and the French Revolution radically changed the French landscape in his later years (his close association with Kings Louis XV and Louis XVI and his wife, Marie Antoinette, certainly did not help his situation). He would fall into poverty and die on February 6, 1793.
 
Here is another stamp honoring Goldoni, issued by the Soviet Union in 1958:
 
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<img width='275' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ec/1958_CPA_2148.jpg'> 
Carlo Goldoni, Italian Dramatist 
Russia, Scott 2062 (1958)</center>
 
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REFERENCES: 
<li>Wikipedia, <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Goldoni'>Carlo Goldoni</a> 
<li>UPN, June 12, 2007, <a href='https://www.vaticanstamps.org/UFN/images/2007-2-05-1.jpg'>Third Centenary of the Birth of Carlo Goldoni</a> 
<li>Anonymous, Vatican Notes, Volume 56, Number 3, page 6, <a href='https://www.vaticanstamps.org/vaticannotes/idisplay2.php?p=335-06&r=0'>2007 New Issues</a> 
<li>Vatican Philatelic Society website, www.vaticanstamps.org, Stamp Database Search

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