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<center>
<img height='225' src='http://vaticanstamps.org/VPS/images/296/214.jpg'>
<img height='225' src='http://vaticanstamps.org/VPS/images/296/215.jpg'> 
St. John of Capistrano 
5th Centenary of Death 
Scott 214-215 (1956)</center>
 
October 23 marks the Feast of Saint John of Capistrano. The stamps shown above were issued in 1956 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of his death in 1456.
 
John of Capistrano was born in 1386 in Capistrano, in the Abruzzo region of south-central Italy, now a small town of under 900 residents. A 1776 Spanish mission in Orange County, California, is named after this Italian saint. The city of San Juan Capistrano is known for the return of migrating Cliff Swallows around March 19 each year, the Feast of Saint Joseph.
 
John studied law at Perugia, married, and became governor of Perugia in 1412. He later separated from his wife and became a Franciscan at age 30. John humiliated himself by riding a donkey backwards through the town with a list of sins identified on his hat prior to admission as a Franciscan. He adopted an austere lifestyle, walking barefoot, sleeping only a few hours daily, and wearing a hair-shirt. He became a priest in 1420, and his preachings attracted large crowds. He promoted a return to the ideals and Rule of Saint Francis by Observant Franciscan monks and nuns.
 
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<img height='300' src='https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Giovanni_da_Capistrano.jpg'> 
Giovanni da Capistrano 
17th century, Artist Unknown 
From Wikimedia Commons, in the Public Domain</center>
 
During the Hussite rebellion in Bohemia, John was sent as an inquisitor to Vienna, where he worked with great zeal against the Hussites, the severity of which he was later criticized. Pope Pius II (1458-1464) encouraged John to preach a crusade against the Turks after the Fall of Constantinople (1453). When the Turks attacked Belgrade, the preaching of Capistrano and the leadership of Hungarian general Janos Hunyadi led to a victory. However, the unburied corpses following the battle led to the spread of disease, claiming both Hunyadi and Capistrano in 1456.
 
Saint John of Capistrano was canonized in 1690 by Pope Alexander VII, and in 1984 was named the Patron Saint of military chaplains. In addition, he is the patron of jurists, Belgrade (serbia) and Hungary.
 
REFERENCES: 
<li>David Farmer, Oxford Dictionary of Saints 
<li>Dawn Marie Beutner, Saints: Becoming an Image of Christ Every Day of the Year 
<li>Wikipedia, <a href='https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_of_Capistrano'>John of Capistrano</a> 
<li>Anonymous, Vatican Notes, Volume 5, Number 2, pp. 1-2, 1956, <a href='http://vaticanstamps.org/vaticannotes/idisplay2.php?p=031-01&r=0'>Saint John of Capistrano</a>
<li>Vatican Philatelic Society website, www.vaticanstamps.org, Stamp Database Search

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